MANAGEMENT AND HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT

MANAGEMENT AND HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT

Mangers perform various functions, but one of the most important and least understood aspects of their job is proper utilization of people. Research reveals that worker performance is closely related to motivation; thus keeping employees motivated is an essential component of good management in a business context, motivation refers to the stimulus that direct the behavior of workers toward the company goals. In order to motivated workers to achieve company goals, managers must beware of their needs.

Many managers believe workers will be motivated to achieve organizational goals by satisfying their fundamental needs for material survival. These needs include a good salary, safe working conditions and job security. While absence of these factors results in poor morale and dissatisfaction, studies have shown that their presence result only in maintenance of existing attitudes and work performance. Although important, salary, working conditions, and job security do not provide the primary motivation for many workers in highly industrialized societies, especially at the professional or technical levels.

Increased motivation is more likely to occur when work meets the needs of individuals for learning, self-realization, and personal growth. By responding to personal needs-the desire for responsibility, recognition, growth, promotion, and more interesting work-managers have altered conditions in the workplace and, consequently, many employees are motivated to perform more effectively.

In an attempt to appeal to both the fundamental and personal needs of workers, innovative management approaches, such as job enrichment and job enlargement, have been adopted in many organizations. Job enrichment gives workers more authority in making decisions related to planning and doing their work. A worker might assume responsibility for

scheduling work flow, checking quality of work produced, or making sure deadlines are met. Job enlargement increases the number of tasks workers perform by allowing them to rotate positions or by giving them responsibility for doing several jobs. Rather than assembling just one component of an automobile, factory workers might be grouped together and given responsibility for assembling the entire fuel system.

By improving the quality of work life through satisfaction of fundamental and personal employee needs, managers attempt to direct the behavior of workers toward the company goals.

VOCABULARY

improving meningkat;kan

quality kb. (j. -ties) 1 mutu, kwalitas. the q. of the work mutu pekerjaan. 2 sifat. her personal qualities sifat-sifat pribadinya.

through ks. 1 selesai, siap. 2 terus(an). -kk. 1 dari permulaan sampai habis. 2 terus. 3 menyambung. -kd. 1 melalui. 2 melewati, lewat. 3 karena. 4 terus. 5 diluar.

satisfaction kb. 1 kepuasan (hati). 2 pelunasan (of a debt).

fundamental kb. pokok, asas, fundamentil. fundamentals of algebra pokok-pokok aljabar. -ks. yang (menjadi) pokok atau asas. f. objections keberatan-keberatan pokok.

employee kb. pegawai, pekerja, karyawan, karyawati (fem.). -employees j. personil, para karyawan.

attempt kb. percobaan, usaha. He will succeed or perish in the a. Ia akan berhasil atau mati didalam percobaan. -kkt. mencoba. The plane attemped a landing Kapal terbang itu mencoba mendarat.

behavior kb. 1 kelakuan. 2 tindak-tanduk. 3 jalan. on o's best b. bertingkah laku dengan sopan.

toward ke arah

assembling mengumpulkan

several kb. beberapa orang. S. went Beberapaorang pergi. -ks. beberapa.

enlargement kb. pembesaran.

assume kkt. 1 mengambil. 2 memikul, menerima, menanggung. 3 memangku, mulai bekerja. 4 menganggap. -kki. 1 mengira, menganggap, mengharap. 2 bukan.

authority kb. (j. -ties) 1 wibawa. 2 hak untuk bertindak 3 ahli. 4 wewenang. 5 sumber. -the authorities j. 1 yang berkuasa. 2 para ahli.

appeal kb. 1 seruan. 2 permohonan (dari hati ke hati) . 3 banding, apel, pertimbangan. 4 daya penarik. kki. to a. a case naik banding (dalam suatu perkara.).

adopt kkt. 1 mengambil, memakai. 2 mengangkat, memungut.3 menyetujui.

workplace tempat kerja

utilization kb. penggunaan, pemanfaatan.